The environmental data is automatically collected by IoT devices, while social and governance data are imported from the Listed Companies’ Enterprise Information Systems (EIS). The ESG data is then stored immutably on the nD Blockchain. Besides the management, monitoring, and data transmission submodules,
nD Blockchain also implies versioning mechanisms to achieve flexible control of the smart contract. On the top of the platform are the smart services provided to assist ESG activities, such as ESG project management service, ESG compilation service, ESG evaluation service, and ESG communication service.